Abstract
Nowadays, there is a great concern about the prevalence of multidrug resistant Enterococcus spp. and Enterobacteriaceae in food-producing animals. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of oxytetracycline or enrofloxacin treatment on vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE), extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) and carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in pigs. A total of 26 piglets were received and distributed in three groups. Group 1 was treated with enrofloxacin (N = 12), group 2 with oxytetracycline (N = 10) and group 3 did not receive any treatment (control group) (N = 4). A higher number of vancomycin-resistant E. faecium were recovered compared to E. faecalis. In the pigs treated with enrofloxacin, vancomycin resistant E. faecium was found in a higher percentage of animals than in the control group. ESBL-producing E. coli was not detected in rectal samples from control animals. However, it was detected in 17-20% of animals treated with oxytetracycline on days 6 to 17 and in 17-50% of the animals treated with enrofloxacin. Carbapenemase-producing E. coli was isolated in animals treated with oxytetracycline, but not in animals treated with enrofloxacin or in the control group. This study highlights that the use of oxytetracycline or enrofloxacin in food-producing animals could select ESBL and carbapenemase-producing E. coli. Further studies shall be needed to validate the results obtained, considering a more robust and extended experimental design.
Highlights
The increase of antimicrobial resistance is considered a great threat to animal and human health, being responsible for a large number of human deaths annually [1–4].Antimicrobials are necessary for the treatment of bacterial infections in food-producing animals, but they can contribute to the expansion of antimicrobial resistance [2,5]
Without any antibiotic treatment, vancomycinresistant E. faecium was detected in 75% of the animals on days 0 and 14, while
In animals treated with oxytetracycline, vancomycin-resistant E. faecium was detected in 50% of the animals on day 0 (5 piglets), while E. faecalis was not detected in any animal
Summary
The increase of antimicrobial resistance is considered a great threat to animal and human health, being responsible for a large number of human deaths annually [1–4]. Antimicrobials are necessary for the treatment of bacterial infections in food-producing animals, but they can contribute to the expansion of antimicrobial resistance [2,5]. The antibiotic resistance problem should be approached in a “One Health” perspective considering human medicine, veterinary medicine and the environment since all living species and the environment are interconnected [6]. Reducing the transmission and dissemination of multidrug resistance in one of these sectors might influence the others [7]. The antimicrobial resistance of bacterial species from food-producing animals could influence human health since they are potential sources of transmission to humans [8,9]. There is a special concern on enteric bacteria from animals, such as Enterococcus spp
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