Abstract

为提高氮肥利用效率,减少过量施用氮肥对环境造成的污染,本文以甘肃省河西灌区为试验地点,在0和225 kg(N)·hm<sup>-2</sup>氮水平下,探讨了蚕豆、豌豆、大豆3种豆科作物与玉米间作对土壤硝态氮累积和分布的影响。研究表明:蚕豆收获后,间作的蚕豆、大豆、豌豆和玉米土壤硝态氮累积量在两个氮水平下均低于相应的单作,蚕豆、大豆、豌豆的间作土壤剖面硝态氮含量也低于相应的单作,但表现的土层深度各异。玉米收获后,蚕豆和豌豆的间作土壤硝态氮累积量低于单作;不施氮条件下,大豆间作土壤硝态氮累积量低于单作,与蚕豆、豌豆和大豆间作的玉米土壤硝态氮累积量均高于单作玉米;在225 kg(N)·hm<sup>-2</sup>氮水平下,与蚕豆和豌豆间作的玉米土壤硝态氮累积量低于单作玉米,间作大豆和与大豆间作的玉米土壤硝态氮累积量高于相应的单作。玉米收获期,不施氮条件下3种豆科作物间作0~60 cm土壤硝态氮含量均低于单作;225 kg(N)·hm<sup>-2</sup>氮水平下,蚕豆、豌豆间作0~60 cm土壤硝态氮含量低于单作,而间作大豆0~100 cm土壤硝态氮含量高于单作。对不同深度土壤硝态氮相对累积量分析表明,蚕豆收获期间作0~60 cm土层相对累积量高于单作,而100~180 cm土层则低于单作。

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