Effect of insulin secretagogue and acarbose on insulin resistance and PAI-1 and GLP-1 levels in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients

Abstract

Objective To investigate the effects of insulin secretagogues and acarbose on insulin resistance and levels of PAI-1 and GLP-1 in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients. Methods A total of 160 newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients who were treated in our hospital from July 2015 to July 2017 were randomly divided into SG group, AG group, GG group, and RG group, who were treated with sitagliptin, acarbose, glibenclamide, and repaglinide respectively. The blood glucose biochemical indicators, insulin-related indicators, blood lipids, and serum GLP-1, GC, and PAI1 levels were compared among the four groups before and after treatment. Results There was no statistically significant difference in the efficacy of the four drugs (P>0.05). After treatment, 2 h INS in the four groups all significantly increased (P 0.05); the levels of TG [(2.04±0.54) mmol/L], TC [(4.64±0.67) mmol/L], and HDL-C [(2.57±0.43) mmol/L] in the SG group were significantly lower than those in the GG group and RG group (P 0.05). Conclusion Acarbose has an effect of raising the level of GLP-1, while insulin secretagogue has no significant effect on the level of GLP-1. Acarbose has the effect of regulating blood lipids and reducing PAI-1 level, which may be related to the remission of insulin resistance. Key words: Type 2 diabetes mellitus; Insulin secretagogue; Glucagon-like peptide-1; Plasminogen activator inhibitor 1