Effect of hydrated fillers in silicone rubber composites during AC and DC dry-band arcing

Abstract

This paper investigates the erosion suppression effects of the water of hydration in alumina tri-hydrate and magnesium hydroxide fillers in silicone rubber during the AC and DC dry-bad arcing. Simultaneous thermogravimetric and differential thermal analyses show the hydrated filler type, level and size affecting erosion. Water of hydration in alumina tri-hydrate is shown to be released before the depolymerization of silicone rubber; whereas, the water of hydration in magnesium hydroxide is released during the depolymerization. As such, alumina tri-hydrate could promote a stronger shield of residue against dry-band arcing as compared to magnesium hydroxide, which could further suppress erosion. Increasing the hydrated filler loading raises the amount of the water of hydration released, which could dilute the silicone rubber in the gas phase and suppress combustion. However, insignificant effect on the suppression of depolymerization is obtained at higher levels of the hydrated filler, possibly due to the lack of filler-polymer interactions tethering silicone rubber chains. Internal oxidation promoted with lower sizes of alumina tri-hydrate could promote a radical-based crosslinking, leaving a stronger shield of residue against dry-band arcing. However, hydrolysis may take place and insignificant improvement is shown for the erosion performance with internal oxidation.