Effect of Hund's Rule Coupling on the Kondo Effect

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In the d-electron and f-electron systems, generally, electrons tend to localize at their atomic sites. In these systems, if an atom has plural localized electrons, Hund's rule coupling in the atom is important for the property of the system. We investigate the effect of Hund's rule coupling on the Kondo problem with plural localized electrons by using scaling theory. Following the Poorman's scaling, we give the scaling equations which describe the Kondo effect with Hund's rule coupling. It is shown that the strong coupling fixed point of s-d exchange interaction is not changed by the Hund's rule coupling. The characteristic energy \(T\sb{\rm K}\) (Kondo temperature) decreases smoothly with increasing Hund's rule coupling. Even if the hybridization terms between conduction electrons and localized orbitals are anisotropic by a crystal field, the characteristic energy is unique, except for the case Hund's rule coupling J H = ∞. There exist ferromagnetic couplings between the localized electron and conduction...