Effect of High‐Fat Meal and High‐Carbohydrate Meal on Daily Total Energy Metabolism in Adults Japanese Men

Abstract

IntroductionDiet‐induced Thermogenesis (DIT) is the increase in energy expenditure above resting associated with the consumption of a meal, accounts for approximately 10% of an individual fs total daily energy expenditure. The thermic effect of separate nutrients is highest for protein (20–30%), followed by CHO (5–10%), and fat (0–3%).ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to clarify the effect of high‐fat meal and high‐carbohydrate on daily energy metabolism in adult Japanese men using indirect human calorimeter.MethodsThe subjects were fourteen adults Japanese men (21.5 ± 0.3 years). We measured EE (energy expenditure), RQ (respiratory quotient), GOR (glucose oxide rate), LOR (lipid oxide rate), LF/HF (Low Frequency/High Frequency), HF (High Frequency). EE was measured using the IHC for 36 hours. The activity of sympathetic nervous system was assessed by real‐time analysis system of heart rate fluctuation.Results& ConclusionTwenty‐four‐hours total energy expenditure was no different among three trial. On the other, RQ and GOR at supper time were significantly lower in HF trial than HCHO trial during the 120 minutes after ingestion (p < 0.05). LOR at supper time was significantly higher in HF trial than HCHO trial during the 120 minutes after ingestion (p < 0.05). Those results showed that high‐fat meal and high‐carbohydrate meal changed energy substrate.