Abstract
Breakfast is considered an important meal for daily appetite control. We examined the effect of high-protein breakfasts on within-day appetite sensations and subsequent ad libitum intake, in men and women. Twenty subjects attended on 4 occasions, to consume in a randomised order high-protein (30% energy) breakfast meals, as, 1) maintenance (MTD) fed to energy requirements (2.67 MJ), 2) a weight-loss (WL) bacon-based meal breakfast (WL-B, 2.13 MJ), 3) a WL-chicken salad (WL-CS, 2.13 MJ) and 4) a WL-smoothie (WL-S, 2.08 MJ). The 3 HP-WL breakfasts elicited differences in hunger (p = 0.007), fullness (p = 0.029), desire to eat (p = 0.006) and prospective consumption (p = 0.020). The WL-B meal reduced hunger (p = 0.002) and enhanced fullness (p = 0.02), compared with the two other WL breakfasts. Although these differences were not reflected in ad libitum energy intake later in the day, a HP breakfast can modify morning satiety, which is important during dieting.
Highlights
The effects of breakfast presentation on appetite remain unclear
The fact that all breakfasts were high in protein and fed to weight loss (WL) or maintenance requirements was hidden from the volunteers
There was a difference between the 3 HPWL breakfasts in hunger (p = 0.007), fullness (p = 0.029), desire to eat (p = 0.006) and prospective consumption (p = 0.020)
Summary
The effects of breakfast presentation (type and composition) on appetite remain unclear. Regular breakfasts are recommended as a strategy to help individuals achieve and maintain a healthy body weight [1]. Missing breakfast causes hormonal and metabolic, and compensatory changes in appetite later in the day [2]. How to cite this paper: Buosi, W., et al (2015) Effect of High-Protein Breakfast Meals on Within-Day Appetite and Food Intake in Healthy Men and Women. Dietary protein is the most satiating macronutrient, an effect amplified during dieting [3]. It has been suggested that protein is more satiating at breakfast than at other meal times [4]
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