Abstract
Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) is used for the long-term management of patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) (1)(2). Hb variants other than HbA1c and e-N-lysine-glycated Hb A may cause analytical interference in determinations of HbA1c (3)(4)(5)(6). In one study, the authors estimated the prevalence of thalassemia in Taiwan as 7%; moreover, ∼1% of the people in northern Taiwan are β-thalassemia heterozygotes (7). The occurrence of 24 abnormal Hbs (13 α-chain variants and 11 β-chain variants), including Hb G-Taipei, in populations in the Silk Road area of Northwestern China has been presented in a review (8). The frequency of thalassemia has been estimated to be ∼1 in 2350 in Japan (9) and even higher in North Africa (10). Hb E is the second most prevalent Hb variant worldwide and the third most prevalent variant in the US, after Hb S and C. Hb E is found primarily in Southeast Asia, especially among the Thai population (11). In the northeastern region of India, the gene frequency of Hb E is 10.9% (12). In a study of 222 000 blood samples in Canada, 23 cases of Hb J were identified (13). Given that the majority of hemoglobinopathic cases are from families of Asian, Southeast …
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