Effect of Halosulfuron Applied Preplant Incorporated, Preemergence, and Postemergence on Dry Bean

Abstract

Five field trials were conducted over a 2-yr period (2007, 2008) at various locations in Ontario to evaluate the tolerance of black, cranberry, kidney, otebo, pink, pinto, small red Mexican (SRM), and white bean to halosulfuron applied PPI, PRE, and POST at 35 and 70 g ai/ha. There was minimal injury (3% or less) with halosulfuron applied PPI or PRE in dry bean. At Exeter and Ridgetown, halosulfuron applied POST at 35 and 70 g/ha caused 3 to 5% and 4 to 8% injury in dry bean, respectively at 1 wk after herbicide application (WAA). The injury was transient with no significant injury at 2 and 4 WAA. At Harrow, halosulfuron POST at 35 and 70 g/ha caused as much as 4% injury at 35 g/ha and 14% injury at 70 g/ha in dry bean. Halosulfuron applied PPI, PRE, and POST at 35 and 70 g/ha caused no decrease in plant height of dry bean except for kidney bean, which was reduced 6% at 70 g/ha, and white bean, which was reduced 3% at both 35 and 70 g/ha. Halosulfuron applied PPI, PRE, and POST at 35 and 70 g/ha caused no decrease in dry bean yield except for kidney bean, which was reduced 9% at 35 g/ha and 10% at 70 g/ha; otebo bean, which was reduced 3% at 70 g/ha; and white bean, which was reduced 7% at both 35 and 70 g/ha. On the basis of these results, there is an adequate margin of crop safety in dry bean to halosulfuron applied PPI or PRE at 35 and 70 g/ha. In addition, there is an adequate margin of crop safety in black, cranberry, pink, pinto, and SRM bean to halosulfuron applied POST at 35 and 70 g/ha. However, further research is required to ascertain the tolerance of kidney, otebo, and white bean to halosulfuron applied POST.