Effect of growth stages of chickpea on the genetic resistance of Ascochyta blight

Abstract

Ascochyta blight (AB, Ascochyta rabiei (Pass.) Lab.) is one of the most important foliar disease of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), globally. Chickpea is attacked by AB at any growth stage in cool and humid weather depending on the inoculum availability. However, the disease epidemics are most prominent during the flowering and podding growth stages. The main objective of this study was to determine the effect of growth stages of chickpea on the genetic resistance of AB and use this information in a resistance breeding program. Two susceptible and two moderately resistant chickpea cultivars were spray inoculated at seedling (GS1), post-seedling (GS2), vegetative (GS3), flowering (GS4) and podding (GS5) growth stages with A. rabiei conidial suspension under controlled environment conditions. Irrespective of crop cultivars the incubation period (IP) was shorter in GS1, GS4 and GS5 and was significantly extended in GS2 and GS3. Symptom development was delayed significantly in moderately resistant cultivars. The AB severity 10 days after inoculation ranged between 7 and 9 on susceptible cultivars and 3 and 5 on moderately resistant cultivars. Further the correlation coefficient of disease severity between GS1, GS4 and GS5 was highly significant (r = 0.95) indicating that, evaluation for resistance to AB can be done at GS 1 (seedling stage), and or GS4 (flowering stage) to GS5 (podding stage) growth stages of chickpea. This supports the evaluation for AB resistance using 10-day-old-seedlings in controlled environment at ICRISAT and adult plant field screening at hot-spot locations in Dhaulakuan and Ludhiana in India.