Effect of Green Coffee Bean (Coffea arabica) Water Extract to Decrease Total Blood Cholesterol Levels of Mice Induced by Propylthiouracil

Abstract

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in the world with 16.7 million deaths annually. The main risk factor for cardiovascular disease is hypercholesterolemia. One of the traditional medicine used for hypercholesterolemia is green coffee (Coffea arabica). The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of green coffee bean extract and effective dose which can decrease total cholesterol level of mice induced by propylthiouracil. The experiment was conducted with experimental method with 30 male DDY strains mice divided into six groups. Group I was normal, group II-VI was fed with high-fat diet and prophylthiouracil 0,01% for 7 days. Group III was given simvastatin 0.026mg/kg Weight. Group IV-VI were given green coffee bean extract at a dose of 1,3, 2,6, and 5,2 mg/day consecutively. The mean rate of cholesterol reduction in group I-VI sequentially is as follows: 4, 19,8, 64,8, 32,8, 27,6, and 49,8. In this research, the decrease of total blood cholesterol level was found with the increase of green coffee bean extract. This result shows that there is significant difference with p value of 0,044. However, the decrease of total blood cholesterol level of mice which are given green coffe bean extract has not yet as effective as mice which are given simvastatin. The conclusion was found that green coffee bean extract can lower total blood cholesterol level of mice induced by propylthiouracil.