Effect of Goniopsis Pelli (Marine Crab) Extract on Hematology and Lungs Histology in Swiss Mice Infected with Bordetella Pertussis

Abstract

Pertussis is a global endemic infectious disease with outbreaks every 3–5 years is associated with lungs inflammations and hematological alterations. This study is aimed at investigating the changes in hematological parameters and histopathological changes of the lungs associated with Bordetella pertussis infection in swiss mice and to evaluate the ability of Goniopsis pelli extract to reverse these adverse changes in relation to erythromycin treatment. The animals were divided into five groups: group 1 was normal control, group 2 was infected with Bordetella pertussis without treatment (negative control), group 3 and 4 were Bordetella pertussis infected and treated with 300mg/kg and 600mg/kg of the extract respectively and group 5 was infected and treated with 4000mg/70kg of erythromycin in divided doses. The animals were inoculated with a single infective dose of Bordetella pertussis bacteria and were consequently treated with the graded doses of the extract and erythromycin for a period of eighteen days, after the animals were confirmed infected. The mice were humanely sacrificed using diethyl ether anesthesia and blood samples taken for hematological investigation and lungs tissue harvested and processed for histological examination. The result shows that Goniopsis pelli extract reversed the changes in the hematological parameters and pathological changes in the lungs of mice induced by Bordetella pertussis infection of in a dose and time dependent manner which suggests that prophylactic and curative potentials of Goniopsis pelli extract against B. pertussis.