Abstract
Gain saturation in a mode-division-multiplexed erbium-doped fiber amplifier (MDM-EDFA) has a significant impact on system capacity due to complex mode competition. In this paper, the gain saturation of MDM-EDFA at single and multiple wavelengths is investigated. The gain saturation occurs as a certain negative linear correlation between EDF length and pump power. The saturation performance tends to be flat beyond 49 mode groups transmission. In a “WDM + MDM” system with 36 × 36 channels, the normalized root mean square value of the saturation gain is lower than 3. The results provide a theoretical basis for the application of the upcoming “WDM + MDM” system.
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