Effect of fruit canopy positions on the properties of apricot (Prunus armeniacaL.) varieties

Abstract

Effect of fruit position in the tree on properties of two commercially important apricot varieties (Hacihaliloglu and Kabaasi) was investigated. Principal component analysis separated apricots based on their variety and canopy position. Hacihaliloglu variety was distinguished from Kabaasi variety by its higher pH, weight, dry matter (DM), soluble solid, citric acid, and catechin content. Major features which contribute to variation of the canopy position were β-carotene, malic acid, catechin, ascorbic acid, soluble solid content, DM, malic acid, and neochlorogenic acid. Fruits located on the top of the tree were richer in phenolic compounds and exhibited higher degree of antioxidant activity measured by 2.2′-azinobis[3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid] (ABTS) method than those located on the bottom of the tree. Except for chlorogenic and neochlorogenic acids, all other forms of phenolic compounds were higher in concentration in the fruits located on the top of the canopy especially for the Hacihaliloglu variety. Practical applications The results of this study may be of interest for apricot breeders as it provides important information about cultivar specific canopy effect on fruit quality. Furthermore, the results can be used by apricot producers for canopy management and pruning strategies to create of homogenous microclimate in the fruit canopy which would limit quality variation.