Effect of Family History with Diabetes Mellitus on the Risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Meta-Analysis

Abstract

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a serious pregnancy complication, in which women without previously diagnosed diabetes develop chronic hyperglycemia during gestation. Studies have revealed that the family history of diabetes is an important risk factor for the gestational diabetes mellitus. The purpose of this study was to investigate effect of family history with diabetes mellitus on the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus. Subjects and Method: This was meta-analysis and systematic review. The study was conducted by collecting published articles from Pubmed, Google Scholar, Scopus, Science Direct, and Springer Link electronic databases, from year 2010 to 2020. Keywords used risk factor, gestational diabetes mellitus, family history, and cross-sectional. The inclusion criteria were full text, using English language, using cross-sectional study design, and reporting adjusted odds ratio. The study population was pregnant women. Intervention was family history of diabetes mellitus with comparison no family history of diabetes mellitus. The study outcome was gestational diabetes mellitus. The collected articles were selected by PRISMA flow chart. The quantitative data were analyzed by random effect model using Revman 5.3. Results: 7 studies from Ethiopia, Malaysia, Philippines, Peru, Australia, and Tanzania were selected for this study. This study reported that family history of diabetes mellitus increased the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus 2.91 times than without family history (aOR= 2.91; 95% CI= 2.08 to 4.08; p<0.001). Conclusion: Family history of diabetes mellitus increases the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus. Keywords: gestational diabetes mellitus, diabetes mellitus, family history Correspondence: Galuh Sitorukmi. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: galuh.sitorukmi1210@gmail.com. Mobile: 085799333013. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.05.55