Abstract
BackgroundYoga has been shown to be a simple and economical therapeutic modality that may be considered as a beneficial adjuvant for type 2 diabetes mellitus. This study investigated the impact of Hatha yoga and conventional physical training (PT) exercise regimens on biochemical, oxidative stress indicators and oxidant status in patients with type 2 diabetes.MethodsThis prospective randomized study consisted of 77 type 2 diabetic patients in the Hatha yoga exercise group that were matched with a similar number of type 2 diabetic patients in the conventional PT exercise and control groups. Biochemical parameters such as fasting blood glucose (FBG), serum total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) were determined at baseline and at two consecutive three monthly intervals. The oxidative stress indicators (malondialdehyde – MDA, protein oxidation – POX, phospholipase A2 – PLA2 activity) and oxidative status [superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase activities] were measured.ResultsThe concentrations of FBG in the Hatha yoga and conventional PT exercise groups after six months decreased by 29.48% and 27.43% respectively (P < 0.0001) and there was a significant reduction in serum TC in both groups (P < 0.0001). The concentrations of VLDL in the managed groups after six months differed significantly from baseline values (P = 0.036). Lipid peroxidation as indicated by MDA significantly decreased by 19.9% and 18.1% in the Hatha yoga and conventional PT exercise groups respectively (P < 0.0001); whilst the activity of SOD significantly increased by 24.08% and 20.18% respectively (P = 0.031). There was no significant difference in the baseline and 6 months activities of PLA2 and catalase after six months although the latter increased by 13.68% and 13.19% in the Hatha yoga and conventional PT exercise groups respectively (P = 0.144).ConclusionThe study demonstrate the efficacy of Hatha yoga exercise on fasting blood glucose, lipid profile, oxidative stress markers and antioxidant status in patients with type 2 diabetes and suggest that Hatha yoga exercise and conventional PT exercise may have therapeutic preventative and protective effects on diabetes mellitus by decreasing oxidative stress and improving antioxidant status.Trial RegistrationAustralian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR): ACTRN12608000217303
Highlights
Yoga has been shown to be a simple and economical therapeutic modality that may be considered as a beneficial adjuvant for type 2 diabetes mellitus
Subjects matched according to age and sex and the mean ages were very similar in the three groups according to gender (Table 1)
The concentrations of fasting blood glucose (FBG) in the Hatha yoga and conventional physical training (PT) exercise groups decreased by 29.48% and 27.43% respectively compared to a reduction of 7.48% in the control group
Summary
Yoga has been shown to be a simple and economical therapeutic modality that may be considered as a beneficial adjuvant for type 2 diabetes mellitus. This study investigated the impact of Hatha yoga and conventional physical training (PT) exercise regimens on biochemical, oxidative stress indicators and oxidant status in patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes mellitus is a worldwide health problem predisposing to markedly increased cardiovascular mortality and morbidity [1]. Lipid abnormalities significantly contribute to the increased risk of cardiovascular disease and other morbidity in diabetics [2]. Studies carried out on medium or long-term effect of yoga exercise on oxidative stress parameters and antioxidant status in type 2 diabetic patients are sparse. The aims of the present study were to investigate the effects of Hatha yoga as well as conventional physical training (PT) exercise interventions on lipid profile, oxidative stress parameters and antioxidant status after 3 and 6 months of intervention in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
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