Abstract
The field experiment is conducted in sandy loam soil during the spring season of 2021 in western Iraq, Hit district, Anbar Governorate. It is located at longitude 95° 42ꞌ 25ʺ N and latitude 68° 33ꞌ 42ʺ E at 71 m.asl. This study aims to study the effect of irrigation and plough on the yield and efficiency of water use of the Chenopodium quinoa plant in desert soil in western Iraq. The experiment layout includes three tillage patterns ) No-tillage To, minimum tillage T1, and conventional tillage T2), three irrigation treatments )ET 0.75 -ET 1.00 - ET 1.25(, and a randomized complete block design is used with three replicates. Treatment T2 ET 1.00 has the highest drought resistance of 0.1793 and the highest plant length of 118.4 cm for T2 ET 1.25 treatment with an increase of 70% compared to the lowest value of plant length in the treatment To ET 0.75. The highest value of plant branches is 22 for T2 ET 1.25. The highest value of leaf area is 32.87 cm2 for T2 ET 1.25 treatment. Seed yield has reached the highest value of 5.25 tons ha-1 for the treatment T2 ET 1.25. Root length characteristic has reached the highest root length value with 41.67 cm for T2 ET 1.25. The water use efficiency characteristic has reached the highest value of 0.204 kg.m-3 for the treatment T2 ET 1.00. The highest crop coefficient value has been reached in the ET 1.25 treatment during the germination and growth phase.
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