Abstract
This study was carried out to evaluate toxicological and haematological effects of essential oils from Callistemon viminalis and Ferula gummosa against Ephestia kuehniella larvae through fumigant and topical exposure. The results indicated that fumigant LC10, LC30 and LC50 values were 8.42, 15.86 and 24.60 μl/l air for C. viminalis oil and 38.51, 57.75 and 76.44 μl/l air for F. gummosa, respectively. Also, topical LD values were measured to be 4.28, 9.64 and 16.91 μg insect −1 for C. viminalis oil and 1.28, 3.39 and 6.65 μg insect−1 for F. gummosa oil, respectively. Haematological observations showed that in comparison to fumigation, topical application of tested oils caused a drastic reduction in total hemocyte count of treated larvae in a dose-dependent manner at all time intervals. Also, it is shown that plasmatocytes and granulocytes were the most sensitive hemocytes of E. kuehniella larvae to the tested oils after topical application. So, it is concluded that topical application of essential oils of C. viminalis and F. gummosa provided effective control of E. kuehniella causing negative effects on its immune cells.
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