Abstract

Because systematically and biologically important parameters of anuran advertisement calls are temperature-dependent it is important for comparative studies to have a precise and accurate measure or estimate of body temperature influencing the call. Environmental and body temperatures were measured in natural populations of four nocturnally aquatic-calling species (3 Scaphiopus, 1 Bufo) of similar size. Heat gain during handling was minimized by careful use of forceps near the toad's temperature. Measurement by thermocouple avoided delay that might allow evaporative cooling. Simple equations for accurate prediction of body temperature from environmental temperatures were derived by stepwise regression analyses of empirical data. Water temperature is highly correlated with body temperature, and including other environmental temperatures does not significantly improve regression statistically. However, multiple regression equations including dry or wet-bulb air temperatures improved accuracy of prediction in the sample tested.

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