Abstract
A GREAT deal of interest has been shown in the relationship between early malnutrition, especially protein–calorie malnutrition, and intellectual capacity or learning ability. But early malnutrition may cause other changes in behaviour. An animal's motivation for food or water may be affected if it is deprived of them in early life1–4. In a non-appetitive situation Barnes et al.5 noted a “motivational and emotional” difference in previously malnourished rats in learning a water maze. Moreover, adult pigs which had been fed protein-poor diets early in life and then given a full diet took longer to extinguish a conditioned avoidance response than controls, although there was little difference in the rate of acquisition of the response6. This has also been reported in rats when there was more intertrial responding in previously malnourished animals7. We have investigated whether a brief period of malnutrition very early in life increases the emotional reactivity of the adult to aversive stimulation.
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