Effect of early hypoglycaemia on hospitalization outcomes in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting

Abstract

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of early postoperative hypoglycaemia on hospitalization outcomes including major cardiovascular complications and in-hospital mortality among patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). MethodsData from an observational study of 9583 patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) who underwent CABG were analyzed. Hypoglycaemia was defined as a nadir blood glucose level <70 mg/dL (3.9 mmol/L). One-to-one propensity score matching (PSM) was used to identify 251-balanced pairs of patients to compare outcomes. ResultsA total of 306 (3.2%) patients experienced hypoglycaemia, of whom, 133 had diabetes, 173 hadn’t diabetes. Patients who were hypoglycaemia had higher incidences of compositeoutcomes than those without hypoglycaemia (12.1% versus 6.0%, P < 0.0001). Postoperative length of ICU stay was longer in patients with hypoglycaemia [2.8 (0.8–21.0) versus 2.0 (0.25–36.0) days, P < 0.0001]. After PSM, the compositeoutcomes and length of ICU stay remained significantly increased for the patients with hypoglycaemia [compositeoutcomes: odd ratio (OR) 2.78, 95% CI, 1.30–5.88, P = 0.01; length of ICU stay: OR 1.60, 95% CI, 1.14–2.26, P = 0.007]. ConclusionPostoperative hypoglycaemia was an independent associated factor of adverse composite outcomes and a lengthened ICU stay after CABG. Hypoglycaemia should be avoided for both postoperative patients with and without diabetes.