Abstract
AbstractIn the present study, the molecular interaction between ethanolic extract of drug Piper nigrum with (metal ions) ZnCl2 have been investigated by ultrasonic method. The ultrasonic velocity (U), density (ρ), and viscosity (η) of an ethanolic extract of drug with metal ions of different concentration (number of moles of drug = 1.4018, 2.1027, 2.8036, and 3.5045) and different temperature (T = 308.15, 313.15, 318.15, 323.15, and 333.15) K at 2 MHz have been measured through ultrasonic interferometer. From experimental parameters (ultrasonic velocity (U), density (ρ) and viscosity (η)), various thermoacoustical parameters such as adiabatic compressibility (β), intermolecular free length (Lf), specific acoustic impedance (Z) has been calculated. The change in concentration of drug P. nigrum and varying temperature affects compressibility of solution, which gives idea about molecular interactions in liquid mixtures. Obtained experimental and thermoacoustical parameters are used to investigate the solute–...
Highlights
The study of molecular interaction between the components of binary and ternary liquid mixtures, using ultrasonic speed and thermodynamic parameters derived from it, has been the aim of several earlier researchers (Davis, Fjellanger, & Hiland, 1997; Hawrylak, Gracie, & Palepu, 1998; Pal, Sharma, & Dass, 1999; Tamura, Sonoda, & Murakami, 1999)
When ethanolic extract of P. nigrum is added to ZnCl2 solution, the lone pair of electron on the N atom occurs in the carbonyl group and further carbon–oxygen bond attaches to Cl− ion and there is formation of salts
The increase in ultrasonic velocity can be attributed to the increase in molecular interaction between P. nigrum and zinc metal ion
Summary
The study of molecular interaction between the components of binary and ternary liquid mixtures, using ultrasonic speed and thermodynamic parameters derived from it, has been the aim of several earlier researchers (Davis, Fjellanger, & Hiland, 1997; Hawrylak, Gracie, & Palepu, 1998; Pal, Sharma, & Dass, 1999; Tamura, Sonoda, & Murakami, 1999). Ultrasonic technique has been employed to investigate the properties of any substance to understand the nature of molecular interactions in pure liquid (Jacobson, 1952), liquid mixtures (Kannappan & Santhi, 2006), solutions (Nithya, Nithiyanantham, Mullainathan, & Rajasekaran, 2009), aqueous (Sarvazyan, Kharakoz, & Hemmes, 1979), non-aqueous (Keller, Legendziewicz, Gliński, & Samela, 2000), and mixed electrolytic solutions (Murty, 1964), and has led to new insights into the process of ion–ion and ion–solvent interactions These measurements are used to estimate the different elastic properties of the molecules from which the type of molecular interactions can be very well understood. Due to such molecular interaction properties of drugs such as solubility, drug activity, and alternation of solvent structure, these are affected by the presence of solutes
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