Abstract
The ultrasonic velocity (U), density (ρ), and viscosity (η) of an ethanolic extract of drug Piper nigrum with MgCl2 (metal ions) have been measured as a function of the number of moles n = (0.7009,...
Highlights
Ultrasonic technique employed to investigate the properties of any substance to understand the nature of molecular interactions in pure liquid (Jacobson, 1952), liquid mixtures (Bradley, Ashokkumar, & Grieser, 2013), solutions (Sarvazyan, 1982), aqueous (Nikam, Hasan, Pawar, & Sawant, 2004; Pavai, Vasantharani, & Kannappan, 2004), non aqueous, (Kannappan & Vinayagam, 2007; Keller, Legendziewicz, Gliński, & Samela, 2000) mixed electrolytic solutions, (Darbari, Richelson, & Petrucci, 1970; Zafarani-Moattar & Shekaari, 2005) etc. has led to new insights into the process of ion–ion and ion–solvent interaction
All these parameters are discussed in terms of solute–solvent interactions occurring in the P. nigrum and MgCl2
It can be concluded from the above experimental data of ultrasonic velocity (U), density (ρ), and viscosity (η) that the interferometer technique requires minimum efforts
Summary
Though spectroscopic method (Min et al, 2004; Rahman, Maruyama, Okada, Yamasaki, & Otagiri, 1993) plays a major role in the molecular interaction studies, the non-spectral studies such as calorimetric (Bruylants, Wouters, & Michaux, 2005; Haq, 2002), magnetic (Gupta et al, 2011; Karplus & McCammon, 2002), ultrasonic velocity and viscosity measurements (Pradhan, Dash, Moharana, & Swain, 2012; Priya, Nithya, Velraj, & Kanappan, 2010) have been widely used, in the elucidation of the formation of complexes. Has led to new insights into the process of ion–ion and ion–solvent interaction These measurements are used to estimate the different elastic properties of the molecules from which the type of molecular interactions can be very well understood. All pharmokinetics processes involve transport of drugs across biology membrane which are well understood by transport property measurement such as ultrasonic velocity, density, and viscosity (Bronzino, 1999). From these parameters intermolecular interactions in aqueous solutions of drug can be directly predicted. A knowledge of the use of drugs involving physiological and biochemical effects, and their mechanism of action at macromolecular/sub cellular/organ system levels can be studied in pharmokinetics (Syal, Thakur, Chauhan, & Sharma, 2005)
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