Abstract
Manganese substituted indium-tin-oxide (Mn: ITO) nanoparticles (NP) and thin films (TF) were prepared using solid state reaction and electron beam evaporation techniques, respectively and studied the role of doping concentrations, temperature and applied magnetic fields on structural, optical and magnetic properties. The structural, optical and magnetic properties of the prepared NP and TF were studied using X-ray diffractometer, UV–Vis-NIR spectrophotometer and vibrating sample magnetometer, respectively. The Mn: ITO NP and TF exhibited a cubic structure without any secondary phases. The optical band gap of the Mn: ITO NP increased (3.07 eV–3.15 eV) whereas it decreased in Mn: ITO TF (3.9 eV–3.25 eV) with an increase of Mn concentration. The Mn: ITO NP exhibited a clear hysteresis loop at a temperature of 32 K and the strength of magnetization increased with the increase of Mn concentration and it decreased with the increase of temperature. The Mn: ITO NP has shown antiferromagnetic nature at higher applied magnetic fields. The Mn: ITO TF has shown weak ferromagnetic nature at room temperature and the magnetization decreased with the increase of Mn concentration. The magnetic saturation was not observed in these films even at higher applied magnetic fields.
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