Abstract
In this study, we experimentally and theoretically investigated the effect of diffraction modes on acoustic band gap formation process in two-dimensional phononic crystals consisting of periodic arrays of stainless steel rods immersed in water. We could classify the acoustic band gaps into two types with band gap formation process and verify the effect of diffraction modes on band gap formation. Pressure transmission coefficients and acoustic pressure fields were calculated using the finite element method, to classify and verify the acoustic band gap formation process. Underwater acoustic transmission experiments were also attended to measure the transmission coefficients. As the number of phononic crystal layers increased, the transmission coefficients at the band gap ranges, where only normal reflection occurred, slowly decreased while those of the band gaps, where additional reflected waves with different propagation directions occurred, rapidly decreased. These results showed that rapid band gap formation was due to non-zeroth order diffraction modes. This work can make possible more efficient acoustic band gaps formation control.
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