Effect of different sizes of bioactive glass-coated mesoporous silica nanoparticles on dentinal tubule occlusion and mineralization.

Abstract

To synthesize two different sizes of bioactive glass-coated mesoporous silica nanoparticles (BGN@MSNs) and to investigate their effects on dentinal tubule occlusion and remineralization. Two different sizes of mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) were synthesized using the Stöber method (368A, 1840A) and coated with bioactive glass nanoparticles (BGNs) using a modified quick alkali-mediated sol-gel method (368B, 1840B). Sensitive tooth disc models were prepared and divided into six groups and the following treatments were applied: group 1-no treatment, group 2-bioglass, group 3-368A, group 4-368B, group 5-1840A, and group 6-1840B. Then, five discs were selected from each group and soaked in 6wt% citric acid to test acid resistance. Dentinal tubule occlusion and occlusion ratio were observed using field-emission scanning electron microscopy. In vitro mineralization tests using simulated body fluid solution were performed to evaluate the remineralization effect of the treatment. All samples effectively occluded the dentinal tubule and formed a membrane-like layer. After acid treatment, 1840B (group 6) exhibited the highest rate of dentinal tubule occlusion. Remineralization was observed in 368B and 1840B, and 1840B exhibited the fastest remineralization. Dentinal tubule remineralization induced by the BGN@MSN biocomposite can be used to stabilize long-term prognosis in dentin hypersensitivity. The 1840B induced the most efficient remineralization, and its smaller size and larger surface area were effective for remineralization. The BGN@MSN biocomposite with its smaller size and larger surface area was more effective for remineralization and dentinal tubule sealing.