Effect of Cyclodextrin Garcinol Complex on Pressure Overload- Induced Cardiotoxicity and Cardiac Hypertrophy by Aortic Stenosis in Rats

Abstract

Background: Garcinol is a polyisoprenylated benzophenone derived from rinds of fruit of Garcinia species namely Garciniaindica (common name ‘Kokum’) and Garcinia cambogia (common name ‘Gombogee’). Garcinol is not stable and has poor bioavailability which can be improved by complexing garcinol with cyclodextrin (cyclodextringarcinol complex). Objective: The objective of the present study was to investigate effect of cyclodextrin-garcinol complex (20 mg/kg/) on pressure overloadinduced cardiotoxicity and cardiac hypertrophy by aortic stenosis in rats. Methods: Male Wistar rats (250-300g) were divided into following four groups such as: control, sham, stenosis and cyclodextrin-garcinol complex. Daily body weights were recorded. Cyclodextrin-garcinol complex (20 mg/kg/day) in distilled water, was administered orally to rats daily for 18 days and then the animals underwent surgery with aortic binding, the treatment was continued up to 4-6 weeks. Haemodynamic changes and electrocardiogram (ECG) were recorded in anaesthetized rats. Results: Pressure overload induced by arotic stenosis in rat resulted in significant myocardial hypertrophy and decreased endogenous antioxidants when compared with the control and sham group animals. Cyclodextrin-garcinol complex (20 mg/kg) showed significant cardioprotective activity by lowering the myocardial hypertrophy, level of lipid peroxidation (MDA content) as well as elevated the level of GSH. The results suggest pre-treatment of cyclodextrin-garcinol complex (20 mg/kg), may offer potential benefits in the management of cardiotoxicity and cardiac hypertrophy. Conclusion: It is concluded that cyclodextrin-garcinol complex (20 mg/kg) protected the haemodynamics of stenosized heart of rats by reduction of lipid peroxidation and preservation of endogenous antioxidants in rat heart.