Effect of Cultivation Conditions on the Growing Activity of Winter Barley Genotypes

Abstract

In the period 2018-2020 in the Institute of Agriculture - Karnobat, Bulgaria the influence of growing conditions on the growth activity of winter barley genotypes was studied. The experiments were performed in field and laboratory experiments. In a field multifactorial experiment with 4 fertilization variants (N0: N8: N12: N16) and three sowing rates (250, 350 and 450 germinating seeds) the barley varieties Kuber, Sayra, Zemela and Bozhin were grown. The obtained seeds from the different variants were studied in a laboratory experiment by the method of rolls. From each variant 20 seeds are laid in 3 repetitions on filter paper. The rolls are immersed in water and after 10 days the length of the first leaf, the length of the coleoptile, the number of roots and their length are taken into account. It was found that there are proven differences in the indicators in the studied genotypes. On average for the years of study, the length of the first leaf and the length of the roots is the largest for the seeds obtained in the variant at a sowing rate of 450 germinating seeds and N8. With the largest length of coleoptile and the largest number of roots are the seeds of the variant with a sowing rate of 250 germinating seeds and N8. Analysis of the variant shows that the length of the first leaf, the coleoptile and the number of roots depend on the genotype. The strongest influence on the length of the roots have the conditions of the year. The interaction between the two factors strongly influences all the studied indicators. The interaction between the year, genotype, sowing rate and fertilization also has a great influence on the indicators of the length of the first leaf, coleoptile and roots.