Abstract
Effect of Coated Urea with Humic-Calcium on Transformation of Nitrogen in Coastal Sandy Soil: A Soil Column Method (Sulakhudin, A Syukur, D Shiddieq and T Yuwono): In coastal sandy soil, mainly nitrogen losses due to leaching resulted to low fertilizer efficiency. Slow-release N fertilizers are proposed to minimize these losses, and humic-calcium coated urea has been examined. A soil column method was used to compare the effects of coated urea with humic-calcium on transformation and leaching loss of N in coastal sandy soil. The experiment aid to compare two kind source humic substances (cow manure and peat) which mixed with calcium as coated urea on transformation, vertical distribution and leaching N in coastal sandy soil. The concentration of humic-calcium coated urea i.e.1%, 5% and 10% based on their weight. The results showed that urea coated with humic-calcium from cow manure (UCHM) and humic-calcium from peat (UCHP) increased the N total and available N in the soil and decreased leaching loss of N from the soil column. Compare to UCHP, UCHM in all concentration showed N-nitrate higher than N-ammonium on incubation length 2, 4 and 6 weeks. The N leached from a costal sandy soil with application coated urea with UCHM ranged from 21.18% to 23.72% of the total N added as fertilizer, for coated urea with UCHP they ranged between 21.44% and 23.25%, whereas for urea (control) reach 29.48%. Leaching losses of mineral N were lower when urea coated with UCHM compared to urea coated with UCHP or urea fertilizer. The study concluded that the UCHM is better than UCHP in decreasing N leached from coastal sandy soil.
Highlights
Nitrogen is the most limiting nutrient for crop production in many regions of the world (Fageria 2009), especially in arid and semiarid regions (Sharifi et al 1988)
The study in coastal sandy soil was performed to examine the effect of coated urea with several humic-calcium to transformation and reduction of leaching N
The cow manure derived from veterinarian in Bugel, whilst peat from lake rawa pening in Ungaran
Summary
Nitrogen is the most limiting nutrient for crop production in many regions of the world (Fageria 2009), especially in arid and semiarid regions (Sharifi et al 1988). The control of fertilizer release keeps the fertilizer concentration at effective levels in the soil solution and releases the fertilizer when the plant most needs it (Al-Zahrani 1999) These fertilizers can be physically prepared by coating granules of. . Sulakhudin et al.: Effect of Coated Urea with Humic-Calcium on Transformation of Nitrogen conventional fertilizers with various materials that reduce their dissolution rate (Tomaszewska et al 2002). Humic substances (Hs), as one of the organic macromolecule compounds, were made for membrane material It can incorporate nitrogen into their structure either directly through chemical reactions or indirectly through microbial activities and subsequent decomposition of microbial biomass (Clinton et al 1995). The study in coastal sandy soil was performed to examine the effect of coated urea with several humic-calcium (hucalci) to transformation and reduction of leaching N
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