Abstract
Neither ambulatory monitoring nor laboratory evaluation of humans or animals has revealed a predictable pattern of change in heart rate related to smoking. 1–3 Disparate observations may be related to the complex autonomic effects of smoke components combined with physiologic responses to the actual inhalation of smoke. This study was conducted to determine the direct effect of cigarette smoking on sinus node automaticity by measuring sinus cycle length changes in subjects who smoked cigarettes after the sinus node was chemically denervated using atropine and propranolol.
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