Abstract
Fish oil (FO) supplementation, rich in n‐3 PUFA, has a positive effect on various diseases, including cancer and kidney diseases. The objective of this study was evaluate renal function of healthy and tumor‐bearing Walker 256 rats chronically supplemented with fish oil. Weanling male rats (aged 21 days) were divided in two groups, one received a standard commercial chow (C) and the other were supplemented orally for 70 days with FO, 1g/kg body weight (FO). At 90 days of age half the animals of each group were injected into the right flank with a sterile suspension of 2 × 107 Walker 256 tumor cells (W and FOW group). Renal function parameters, urinary excretion of TBX2 and immunolocalization of ED‐1 macrophage, were measured in all groups. Tumor‐bearing group present a significant reduction of total plasma protein concentration which reflects cachectic proteolysis, and FO supplementation reversed this fact. Tumor growth rate was also markedly reduced in FOW group. Glomerular filtration (inulin clearance) did not present significant changes in the FO or W groups if compared to C, but increased significantly in WFO group. Renal plasma flow (p‐aminohippuric acid clearance) increased significantly in all supplemented groups, 54% in FO and 91% in FOW. W group had low plasma osmolality compared to C, an alteration reverted in supplemented animals. The FENa+ of FO rats were similar to C. In contrast, FENa+ was slightly decreased in the W compared to C, a tendency which it is reverted in WFO group. Proximal Na+ reabsorption, evaluated by lithium clearance, was similar among the groups. Urinary excretion of TBX2 was significantly decreased after FO supplementation in C and W. The number of macrophages in renal tissue was significantly higher in W, a value that was reduced to control levels by FO supplementation. In resume, FO supplementation reduced cachexia, with a reduction in tumor growth rate, and had a renoprotector effect, with a rise in renal plasma flow and a preservation of glomerular filtration.
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