Abstract
Aim:Sperm membrane cholesterol influences cryodamage during cryopreservation. The present study was carried out to evaluate the effect of varying cholesterol levels in Tris based extenders on the freezability of sexually healthy Malabari buck semen.Materials and Methods:A total of 48 ejaculates from two adults healthy sexually healthy Malabari bucks were utilized for the study. The collected and pooled ejaculates were divided into four groups with Group I serving as Control - I, Group II and III were treated with 1 mg and 2 mg of cholesterol-loaded-cyclodextrin (CLC)/120 × 106 spermatozoa, respectively, and Group IV, treated with 1 mg methyl-β-cyclodextrin (MβCD) served as Control - II. Manual freezing was carried out to cryopreserve the treated and control spermatozoa.Results:Treatment of semen samples with CLC resulted in improved maintenance of sperm motility at pre-freeze and post-thaw stages of cryopreservation without affecting hypo-osmotic swelling response. Treatment of semen with 1 mg of CLC/120 × 106 spermatozoa was observed to be better than treatment with 2 mg of CLC/120 × 106 spermatozoa. In general, MβCD treatment was found to result in significantly lower sperm characteristics than those of Control - I and CLC treatment at pre-feeze and post-thaw stages and when incubated up to 4 h.Conclusion:Cholesterol treatment of sexually healthy Malabari buck semen was found to hold promise for improving cryopreservability of spermatozoa.
Highlights
Artificial insemination (AI) has become an inevitable tool in the breeding management of many of the domestic animals
Treatment of semen samples with CLC resulted in improved maintenance of sperm motility at pre-freeze and post-thaw stages of cryopreservation without affecting hypo-osmotic swelling response
During post-equilibration period spermatozoa treated with 1 mg and 2 mg CLC/120 million spermatozoa prior to cryopreservation showed significantly higher (p
Summary
Artificial insemination (AI) has become an inevitable tool in the breeding management of many of the domestic animals. Irrespective of many years of research, fertility of frozen semen remains one of the limitations in its acceptability in goat breeding. Sperm damage occurring during cryopreservation due to cold shock, low-temperature exposure, osmotic stress, oxidative stress, and combinations of these conditions [1]. It has been suggested that the sperm plasma membrane is the primary site of damage induced by cryopreservation and is one of the main reasons for reduced motility and fertility of sperm during cryopreservation [2,3]. Cholesterol is an important component in the regulation of membrane fluidity, aiding in the stabilization of the membrane [4]. Cold shock induces plasma membrane lipid phase transitions, which can be reduced by increasing the proportion of cholesterol within the plasma membrane [5].
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