Effect of chemical elicitors on secondary metabolite induction of Solanum nigrum In vitro.

Abstract

This project aimed to increase the production of some secondary metabolites using chemical elicitors in tissue cultures of Solanum nigrum L. plants. The quality and quantity of phytochemicals were estimated using methanolic extracts of dried leaves and callus were analyzed using HPLC. Callus was initiated from leaf discs cultured on Murashig and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) at concentrations of 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0 or 5.0 mg/l and BA at 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 or 2.5 mg/l for S. nigrum callus initiation. The same combination was used for callus maintenance for the plant. The results showed an increase in the concentration of secondary metabolites in methanol extracts induced from leaves. Callus cultures induced from leaf discs were treated with some chemical stimuli such as jasmonic acid and salicylic acid, (2,4,6, 8 mg/l jasmonic acid), or (50, 100, 150, 200 mg/l salicylic acid). Result showed that there were significant differences between the various treatment, the best concentration of jasmonic acid to stimulate and increase the production was 8 mg/l for S. nigrum. Moreover, Salicylic acid at 100 mg/l stimulated the production of secondary metabolites in callus culture of S. nigrum.