Effect of chemical degradation followed by toothbrushing on the surface roughness of restorative composites

Fernanda Regina Voltarelli,Andrea Nóbrega Cavalcanti,Claudia Batitucci dos Santos-Daroz,Giselle Maria Marchi,Marcelo Corrêa Alves

doi:10.1590/s1678-77572010000600009

Fernanda Regina Voltarelli, Andrea Nóbrega Cavalcanti + Show 3 more

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https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-77572010000600009

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Abstract

ObjectivesThe aim of the present study was to assess the effect of the exposure to food-simulating liquids prior to brushing simulation on the surface roughness of five composite materials (Quixfil, Filtek Supreme, Esthet-X, Filtek Z250, Tetric Ceram). Material and methodsTwenty cylinders (5 mm diameter and 4 mm height) of each composite were randomly allocated to 4 groups (n=5), according to the food-simulating liquid in which they were immersed for 7 days at 37ºC: artificial saliva, heptane, citric acid, and ethanol. After this period, the top surface of composite cylinders was submitted to 7,500 brushing cycles (200 g load). Measurements of the surface roughness (Ra, µm) were carried out before and after the exposure to the chemicals/brushing simulation. Changes on the morphology of composite surfaces were observed through scanning electron microscopy (SEM). ResultsThe statistical analysis (ANOVA with cofactor / Tukey's test, α=5%) detected a significant interaction between solutions and composite resins. Esthet-X, Filtek Z250 and Tetric Ceram were not affected by the food-simulating liquids/toothbrushing. Citric acid and ethanol increased the surface roughness of Quixfil and Filtek Supreme, respectively. SEM images corroborate the surface roughness findings, demonstrating the negative effect from chemical solutions and mechanical abrasion. ConclusionsThe surface roughness of composite resin materials are differently affected by the food-simulating solutions, depending on the immersion media.

Highlights

In the past years, improvements on the mechanical properties of resin-based materials along with increased aesthetic demands have resulted on the enlarged use of direct composite resin restorations in anterior and posterior teeth22
Despite the notable advance in their composition and properties, composite materials must withstand a series of adverse conditions in the oral environment that challenges their integrity and longevity3
Some chemicals from food and drinks can lead to surface degradation of composite restorations, resulting in unaesthetic appearance and increased surface roughness, accelerating the wear of dental materials3,7

Summary

Introduction

Improvements on the mechanical properties of resin-based materials along with increased aesthetic demands have resulted on the enlarged use of direct composite resin restorations in anterior and posterior teeth. Despite the notable advance in their composition and properties, composite materials must withstand a series of adverse conditions in the oral environment that challenges their integrity and longevity. Some chemicals from food and drinks can lead to surface degradation of composite restorations, resulting in unaesthetic appearance and increased surface roughness, accelerating the wear of dental materials. Some chemicals from food and drinks can lead to surface degradation of composite restorations, resulting in unaesthetic appearance and increased surface roughness, accelerating the wear of dental materials3,7 These effects might vary according to intrinsic characteristics of the material, such as its composition, or extrinsic characteristics, VXFK DV UHVWRUDWLRQV ¿QLVKLQJSROLVKLQJ12

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