Effect of Chemical and Compost Fertilizers on Yield and Oil Fatty Composition of Maize (Zea mays L.) in Delay Planting Date

Abstract

ABSTRACT Changes in oil and forage quality of maize due to agronomic practices have been poorly investigated. A field experiment was carried out to determine the effect of sowing date, and organic and inorganic fertilizers on fatty acid composition, physiological traits, yield, and yield components of maize in two cropping season. Sowing date (on time and delay planting), organic fertilizers (control, fresh farmyard manure, composted cattle manure, and vermincompost), and nitrogen (urea soil application, urea water application, and nitroxin treatment) were used for treatment group. Results showed second year performed better than first year. The interaction between planting time and organic fertilizer showed that the highest grain yield, oleic, and linoleic acid percentage was achieved in on-time planting and vermicompost treatment. In addition, the interaction effect of planting time and nitrogen showed that the highest oil yield and linoleic acid percentage was observed in on-time planting time and urea soil application. Although, palmitic and linolenic acid increased by delay planting date. In two years, soil application of urea yielded higher grain weight and oil yield than water application of urea and nitroxin. Results of this research demonstrated that application of organic fertilizers yielded to higher yield and yield componentsrather than first year. Also, by delaying planting time, the percentage of palmitic, and linolenic acid increased.