Abstract
A. H. Mohamed, A. M. Saleh, S. Ahmed and M. El-Maghraby. Effect of Cerastes vipera snake venom on blood and bone marrow cells. Toxicon 15, 35–40, 1977.— In vivo experiments Lethal doses of Cerastes vipera venom injected intraperitoneally in rabbits produced a significant initial rise of the erythrocyte count 15 min after venom injection, followed by a progressive drop. Total leucocyte and platelet counts gradually dropped. The bone marrow picture showed erythroid hyperplasia 3–4 hr after venom injection. Sublethal doses produced a small insignificant initial rise of red cell count followed by a progressive drop during the first hr. In the second hr the counts rose and gradually reached the pre-injection levels after 24 hr. An initial leucopenia and thrombocytopenia was followed by fluctuations in both counts with significant leucocytosis and increased percentage of neutrophil after 24 hr. The platelet counts reached the pre-injection values in 24 hr. The bone marrow picture revealed erythroid hyperplasia 5–6 hr after venom injection. Reticulocyte counts were above normal levels. In vitro studies Incubation of 1 ml blood with 0·5 mg venom for 1 hr resulted in marked haemolysis as evidenced by reddish coloration of plasma, decreased rouleaux formation, microspherocytosis, disruption of leucocytes and drop of all cell counts.
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