Effect of Centella asiatica to the glucose transporter 4 and osteocalcin on the rotenonee-induced zebrafish larvae (Danio rerio) stunting model

Abstract

Stunting is a failure of linear growth during the first two years of life. Rotenone is pesticide causes stunting. Rotenone as Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals and complex I mitochondrial inhibitor thus causes a decrease of ATP and oxidative stress. Centella asiatica is a plant that contains high antioxidants and antiinflammation. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of CA ethanolic extract toward the rotenone-induced zebrafish larvae stunting model toward the expression increasing of GLUT 4 and Osteocalcin. This experimental study used zebrafish larvae as an animal model. Rotenone 12 ppb and CA extract were administered at 2-72 hpf. Observation of body length using optilab Image Raster at 3, 6, and 9 dpf, while the GLUT 4 and osteocalcin observed at 9 dpf by wholemount immunostaining. The results showed that rotenone 12.5 ppb decreased the body length of zebrafish larvae at 6 and 9 dpf significantly and more than 2 SD shorter from control. The expression of GLUT 4 and Osteocalcin in zebrafish larvae in the rotenone-induced group decreased significantly. Administration of 5 µg/mL extract increased expression of GLUT4, while the expression of osteocalcin increased by 2.5 µg/mL and 5 µg/mL. Rotenone 12.5 ppb induced stunting of zebrafish larvae. Ethanolic extract of CA protects the zebrafish larvae from stunting through increased expression of GLUT 4 and Osteocalcin.