Abstract
Long time exposure to cement industry pollution leads to several health problems. This study was designed to investigate the effects on 55 workers which were divided into groups according to the departments of Hamam AL-Alil Cement Factory-Iraq. The biochemical parameters included in the study are: calcium, zinc, lactate dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase, glutathione and malonaldehyde. The results showed that there was a significant increase in calcium, lactate dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase and malonaldehyde in workers serum which increased with increasing exposure time. The results also showed a significant decrease in glutathione and zinc in workers serum which increased with increasing exposure time in all factory department.
Highlights
The major pollution problem in Portland cement factories is cement dust emission into the environment from various points of the production process such as Crusher, Kiln, Mills, Storage soils and Packing section (ILO, 1999)
Any variation in the enzyme activity is an indication of the effect of the pollution
Estimation of Calcium and Zinc levels in Serum Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) technique was used to determine Ca and Zn levels using the standard curve to convert the optical density into concentration (Zhang and Zhang, 2003)
Summary
The major pollution problem in Portland cement factories is cement dust emission into the environment from various points of the production process such as Crusher, Kiln, Mills, Storage soils and Packing section (ILO, 1999) This resulted in the exposure of factory workers to cement dust leading to the impairment of respiratory function and a prevalence of respiratory diseases symptoms among workers (Mwaiselage et al, 2006). Most of the trace elements are found in the human body in very minute quantities and any increase in some of them may have a toxic effect (AL-Sa'ady et al, 2000) These may be part of the chemical structure of the enzymatic systems or act as catalysts in the enzyme activity (AL-Omer, 2000). The present study examined calcium and zinc levels, lactate dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase and acid phosphatase enzymes activity, glutathione and malonaldehyde as a sample of non-enzymatic antioxidant and lipid peroxidation
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