Abstract
Many small-scale biodiesel producers use feedstocks in their operations that vary in quality and degree of refining, ranging from crude to degummed to highly refined oils. There have been claims that mechanically extracted oil makes better biodiesel as compared to that from hexane extracted oil. However, there is no comprehensive study evaluating the effects of oilseed extraction and refining techniques on biodiesel production efficiency and properties, specifically products derived from canola. This study examined biodiesel conversion efficiency of canola oil obtained by both hexane and mechanical extraction methods. Hexane extracted crude, degummed, and refined-bleached-deodorized and mechanically extracted crude canola oils were converted to biodiesel using a conventional transesterification method. Material balances for conversion of hexane and mechanically extracted oils to biodiesel were calculated. Physical and chemical properties for both oil and biodiesel samples were analyzed. Quality parameters of the biodiesel samples were compared to both ASTM and European standards. This study demonstrated that degummed canola oil produces biodiesel with acceptable yield and quality.
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