Abstract
Author(s): Cheng, Tik-Chee Jenny | Abstract: Heart failure, a progressive condition that is typically undetected and often misdiagnosed, is the leading cause of deaths around the world. The disorder is characterized by the inability of the heart to keep up with the body’s demand for blood circulation. It is initiated by structural and functional changes from molecular to systemic levels that result in compensatory physiological changes, commonly termed cardiac remodeling. At first, this remodeling enables the heart to increase its cardiac output to compensate for the change. However, over time, remodeling results in cardiomyopathy, a condition with enlarged left ventricles and/or dilated ventricular walls that can lead to dysfunction and inadequate pumping of blood to the rest of the body.
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