Abstract
Background Implantoplasty (IP) involves polishing of the exposed surface of implants affected by peri-implantitis (PI). A study was made to determine whether the degree of bone loss influences the fracture resistance of implants with or without IP.Material and Methods An in vitro study was carried out on 32 narrow (3.5 mm) dental implants with a rough surface and external hexagonal connection. Implantoplasty was performed in half of the implants of the sample. Both the IP and control implants were divided into two subgroups according to the amount of bone loss (3 mm or 7.5 mm). Standardized radiographic assessment of implant width was performed using specific software. The main outcome variable was the maximum compression force (Fmax) of implants when subjected to static resistance to fracture tests. Implant fractures were subsequently analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. A descriptive and bivariate analysis of the data was performed.Results Significant changes in implant width were observed after IP (p<0.05). No significant differences between IP and control implants were recorded in terms of the Fmax values in the two bone loss subgroups (3 mm: control 854.37N 195.08 vs. IP 752.12N 186.13; p=0.302, and 7.5 mm: control 548.82N 80.02 vs. IP 593.69N 111.07; p=0.370). Greater bone loss was associated to a decrease in Fmax, which proved significant for the control implants (p=0.001). Fractures were more frequently located in the platform (n=13).Conclusions Implants with more apical bone levels appear to be more susceptible to fracture. On the other hand, IP does not seem to significantly decrease the fracture resistance of narrow (3.5 mm) platform dental implants with external hexagonal connections. The fact that most fractures occur in the platform area indicates that the latter is exposed to more mechanical stress. Key words:Peri-implantitis, dental implants, compressive strength, titanium, implantoplasty.
Highlights
Peri-implantitis (PI) is a common disease that affects an important number of patients with dental implants [1,2]
Bone loss together with other factors such as implant diameter, crown-to-implant ratio (CIR) and bruxism have been associated with an increased risk of dental implant fractures [16]
Material and Methods An experimental in vitro study was made of 32 titanium-type V narrow platform (3.5 mm) dental implants measuring 15 mm in length, with a rough surface and a hexagonal external connection (Ocean E.C., Avinent Implant System S.L., Santpedor, Spain)
Summary
Implants with more apical bone levels appear to be more susceptible to fracture. IP does not seem to significantly decrease the fracture resistance of narrow (3.5 mm) platform dental implants with external hexagonal connections. The fact that most fractures occur in the platform area indicates that the latter is exposed to more mechanical stress
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