Effect of BMI on Foot Dimensions in Different Weight Bearing Conditions of Obokwe Indigenes in Imo State

Abstract

The understanding of the effect of BMI on foot dimensions under different weight bearing conditions can help in the design and production of a comfortable and efficient foot support. This study is aimed at using Body Mass Index (BMI) to correlate the foot dimensions of males and females under different weight bearing conditions. The foot dimensions of 320 subjects (160 males and 160 females) between the age range of 19 and above with normal foot were measured under three weight bearing conditions: non-weight bearing, semi-weight bearing, and full-weight bearing. Height, weight and BMI of the individuals were recorded. The data collected was analysed using SPSS software version (20). Paired sample t-test and Pearson correlation coefficient test was done for calculating the statistical significance. The change in foot breadth of semi-weight bearing condition (FBSN) produced a significant correlation with BMI(p<0.05) but that with Foot length (FLSN) and Arch height (AHSN) was not statistically significant for the males. Also, the change in Foot length of full weight bearing condition (FLFN), Foot breadth (FBFN) and Arch height (AHFN) was not statistically significant for the males. There was significant correlation between BMI and the change in foot dimensions such as FLFN, AHSN, AHFN (p<0.05) but that with FLSN, FBSN and FBFN was not statistically significant for the females. Not all foot dimensions can be significantly influenced by BMI. This study is useful in considering the effect of BMI in the change of foot shape in weight-bearing during the selection of shoe size and shoe or insole design and construction and to the orthotics during the design of fitting devices for foot support. Also, it can be useful in forensic science.