Effect of bioactive glass addition on the physical properties of mineral trioxide aggregate

Jei Kim,Duck-Su Kim,Hyun-Jung Kim,Soram Oh,Kyoung-Kyu Choi,Ji-Hyun Jang,Seok Woo Chang,Sun-Young Kim

doi:10.1186/s40824-021-00238-2

Abstract

BackgroundThe addition of bioactive glass (BG), a highly bioactive material with remineralization potential, might improve the drawback of weakening property of mineral trioxide aggregates (MTA) when it encounters with body fluid. This study aims to evaluate the effect of BG addition on physical properties of MTA.MethodsProRoot (MTA), and MTA with various concentrations of BG (1, 2, 5 and 10% BG/MTA) were prepared. Simulated body fluid (SBF) was used to investigate the effect of the storage solution on dentin remineralization. Prepared specimens were examined as following; the push-out bond strength to dentin, compressive strength, setting time solubility and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis.ResultsThe 2% BG/MTA showed higher push-out bond strengths than control group after 7 days of SBF storage. The 2% BG/MTA exhibited the highest compressive strength. Setting times were reduced in the 1 and 2% BG/MTA groups, and solubility of all experimental groups were clinically acceptable. In all groups, precipitates were observed in dentinal tubules via SEM. XRD showed the increased hydroxyapatite peaks in the 2, 5 and 10% BG/MTA groups.ConclusionIt was verified that the BG-added MTA increased dentin push-out bond strength and compressive strength under SBF storage. The addition of BG did not negatively affect the MTA maturation reaction; it increased the amount of hydroxyapatite during SBF maturation.

Highlights

Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) was introduced in 1993 [1] and has been used in the repair of root perforations, capping of pulps with reversible pulpitis, apexification, and as a root-end filling material, because of its sealing ability and biocompatibility [2]
This study aims to evaluate the effect of bioactive glass (BG) addition on the physical properties of mineral trioxide aggregates (MTA), which includes push-out bond strength to dentin, compressive strength, setting time, solubility, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis
We found that the supplementation of lower concentrations under 10 wt% of BG has the effect to increase both push-out bond strength to dentin and the compressive strength in Simulated body fluid (SBF) storage condition, especially in the 2 wt% BG/MTA showed the high push-out bond strength

Summary

Introduction

Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) was introduced in 1993 [1] and has been used in the repair of root perforations, capping of pulps with reversible pulpitis, apexification, and as a root-end filling material, because of its sealing ability and biocompatibility [2]. Kim et al Biomaterials Research (2021) 25:39 when interacting with body fluids (BF) [8, 9] Methods such as adding additives (calcium chloride [10], sodium hydrogen phosphate [12], methylcellulose [10], bioactive glass (BG) [11] or changing the hydration liquid to calcium chloride [7], calcium lactate gluconate [7], and elastin-like polypeptide [6] have been attempted to overcome the disadvantages of MTA; these methods have demonstrated improvements in some properties of MTA. The addition of bioactive glass (BG), a highly bioactive material with remineralization potential, might improve the drawback of weakening property of mineral trioxide aggregates (MTA) when it encounters with body fluid. This study aims to evaluate the effect of BG addition on physical properties of MTA

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