Abstract
Kodo millet is an underutilized crop that could be used as a new starch source. Raw starch has many flaws that must be modified through treatment. Cold plasma is a well-adopted nonthermal technology for starch modification. In the current study, millet starch was treated in a plasma reactor at different voltages of 10 kV, 20 kV, and 30 kV for a duration of 10 min, 20 min, and 30 min. The effects of treatments on their hydration, structural, and physicochemical properties were explored. Water absorption and oil absorption capacities increased from 1.43 to 1.55 g/g and 1.01–1.34 g/g respectively. On the other hand, amylose content and pH of starch declined from 31.06 to 25.94 g/hg and 7.5 to 6.9 respectively. Whiteness index value increased from 82.71 to 84.45. IR spectra exhibited functional groups present in the starch. X-ray diffractogram showed changes in crystallinity along with treatment. Relative crystallinity decreased from 23.06 to 21.63%. The significance of the results was assessed at a 95% confidence level (α) at p ≤ 0.05. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Bright field microscopy (BFM) showed microstructural changes in the starch. Plasma improved the hydration and structural properties of kodo millet starch, and it can be useful for preparing various food products with good quality characteristics.
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