Effect of aqueaus and alcoholic of paulownia tomentosa l. Leaves extract on casuarina equisetifola root rot

Abstract

This study, conducted at the Department of Forestry Sciences in the College of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Mosul, aimed to analyze the seasonal distribution of Casuarina root rot disease. Field surveys across private and public nurseries in Mosul during November 2020, January, March, May, July, and September 2021 facilitated the investigation. The highest disease incidence was recorded in May 2021 at 24%, contrasting with a low of 10% in January 2021. The identification of causal agents revealed the presence of Fusarium solani and Rhizoctonia solani. Notably, Fusarium solani exhibited a peak isolation rate of 52% in July 2021, while Rhizoctonia solani displayed the lowest rate at 10.33% in January 2021. Furthermore, the assessment of Paulownia tomentosa leaf extract's impact on fungal growth inhibition illustrated the superior performance of the alcoholic extract. The alcoholic extract achieved 100% inhibition of Rhizoctonia solani growth at the fourth concentration, whereas the aqueous extract exhibited a minimal inhibition rate of 2.50% at the first concentration