Abstract
In June 2015, carbon credits amounting to 446 t of CO 2 were issued for a Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) project developed and implemented in Vietnam’s Mekong Delta aimed at reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions through the introduction of biogas digesters (BDs) to farm households. Subsequently, the project was evaluated in terms of GHG emission reductions (i.e., carbon credits issued), receptiveness of farm households to the technology, and economic benefits to these families. Findings confirmed that BDs provide concrete reductions in GHG emissions and are beneficial to install in such scenarios. Currently, a new international framework for post-2020 global warming mitigation is being considered by the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), in which all signatory countries would participate, including the developing countries that have not yet been mandated to make reductions. These evaluation results present a potential policy direction for developing countries to reduce their GHG emissions.
Highlights
1.1 BackgroundThe Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) concludes that the “warming of the climate system is unequivocal,” and predicts that by the end of the 21st century the global mean temperature could increase by up to 4.8oC and sea levels could rise by up to 82 cm (IPCC, 2014)
In light of the issuance of CERs from the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) project, this paper evaluates the effects of the introduction of plastic biogas digesters (BDs) on greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reductions (CERs issued), the receptiveness of farm households to the technology, and the economic benefits to these households
While the present analysis has focused on the private benefits to farm households in terms of fuel savings, the introduction of BDs provides social benefits; mainly the reduction of GHG emissions
Summary
1.1 BackgroundThe Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) concludes that the “warming of the climate system is unequivocal,” and predicts that by the end of the 21st century the global mean temperature could increase by up to 4.8oC and sea levels could rise by up to 82 cm (IPCC, 2014). For developing countries highly reliant on primary industries, the effects of climate change are substantial. Most CDM projects far have emphasized efficient GHG reductions (WB, 2014) and few projects have taken root in rural areas of developing countries where developmental challenges such as poverty are prevalent. Analyses of CDM projects to date conclude that they either do not contribute to sustainable development (Olsen, 2007) or have no effect on reducing poverty in rural areas (Sirohi, 2007). Rural areas within developing countries are the most vulnerable to the impacts of global warming but are the primary source of these countries’ GHG emissions. It is essential to clarify the benefits of reducing GHG emissions in rural parts of developing countries (Izumi et al, 2014)
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