Effect of Allogeneic Bone Marrow-mesenchymal Stem Cells (BM-MSCs) to Accelerate Burn Healing of Rat on the Expression of Collagen Type I and Integrin α2β1.

Abstract

Burn is a public health problem, it causes physical disability even death. Treatment of burn wound has been conducted in various ways, but the satisfactory healing has not been provided. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) treatment is one of attempt to burn recovery, accelerate wound healing and angiogenesis. This study aimed to investigate the effect of allogeneic BM-MSC treatment on the expression of collagen type I and integrin α2β1 in burn skin tissue of rat observed on day 14. Twelve Wistar rats divided into two groups, control group (injected with phospate buffer solution) and treatment group (injected with BM-MSC). Rat was anaesthetized with xylazine and ketamine (ratio 1:1), fur of rat's back was shaved and full thickness burn was made by boiling plate in hot water for 30 min and patched on the back for 20 min. The burns were covered by tegaderm film and elastomult haft. Antalgin as an analgetic was injected to rats during observation process. Burns of rat was observed on day 14. In this study one-way analysis of variance test and Tukey as a further test were analyzed. The results showed that the healing time of allogeneic BM-MSC treatment on burn skin tissue rats was faster, the thickness of collagen type I in burn skin tissue of rats was thicker (0.977 μm) than controls (0.475 μm) and statistically demonstrated significant differences (p = 0.000). The average percentage of integrin α2β1 expression was higher (2.94%) than control group (2.34%), but the differences were not statistically significant (p = 0.176). The study concluded that BM-MSC treatment was able to accelerate the healing process of burns by increasing the thickness of the collagen and the percentage of integrin α2β1, thus accelerated the cell migration involved during wound healing.