Abstract
Pure chemical reagents Fe2O3, Al2O3, and Ca(OH)2 were used to investigate the formation of calcium ferrite in the solid state. The phase composition of the prepared samples was determined using X-ray powder diffraction and by SEM. The TG-DSC analysis was performed to analyze the decomposition behavior and formation of calcium ferrites. The formation rate of calcium ferrite was determined by in-situ X-ray diffraction (XRD) and by the K-value method. The X-ray diffraction analysis was performed using Pt as the internal standard for application of the K-value method. The formation of Ca2Fe2O5 (C2F) occurred much earlier than the formation of CaFeO4 (CF). C2F and CF were formed at approximately 600 °C and 700–800 °C, respectively. With an increase of Al2O3 content, there was a tendency to decrease the melting temperature. There was a heating scheme in this study (i.e., 10 °C per minute to 1250 °C under a flowing atmosphere of high-purity air). The total amount of CF increased with an increase of the Al2O3 content, and the Al2O3 content reaching the maximum value of CF was 1.4%. As the Al2O3 content increased from 1.4% to 2.8%, the total amount of CF reduced slightly. When the Al2O3 concentration was greater than 2.8%, the content of CF generated significantly decreased with the increase of Al2O3.
Highlights
With increasing costs and decreasing profits, iron and steel enterprises are facing tremendous pressure to survive
Low cost smelting has become an important strategy for these enterprises to extricate from the predicament
China imports several million tons of high alumina iron ore from Australia, India, South East Asia, and Africa every year, driven by the continued massive growth of steel production in China which is expected to continue for years to come [1]
Summary
With increasing costs and decreasing profits, iron and steel enterprises are facing tremendous pressure to survive. The guiding ideology of reducing the consumption of traditional production using the fine material route has not been adapted to the current situation and high-quality iron ore resources are shrinking, and this limited material is commanding higher prices. In many enterprises, instead of high-quality iron ore, iron ore with high alumina is widely put into production due to its low price. The presence of alumina in iron ore mainly affects the sinter and slag properties, which leads to difficulties and instability during the blast furnace operation. Increased levels of high aluminum ore during ironmaking leads to problems which include decreased grade of the sinter, metallurgical performance deterioration, reduced blast furnace permeability in smelting, increased slag
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