Abstract
Stem rot of groundnut caused by Sclerotium rolfsii (Sacc.) is a soil borne disease favoured in humid and warmer soil condition at all growth stages. Our objective was to determine how plants ages affect susceptibility of plants exposed to Sclerotium rolfsii. Groundnut seeds were grown in pots containing sterilized soil. Groundnut plants were inoculated 0, 15, 30, 45 and 60 days after sowing (DAS) by actively mycelium and sclerotia developed on sorghum grains places near the seeds/plants. Stem rot developed in all inoculated plants but severity decreased with increasing plant age at inoculation. Highest disease severity (79.04%) was recorded in 45 DAS inoculated plants. Whereas plants inoculated 0 DAS may cause pre-emergence rotting and few plants emerged. Plants were inoculated at 15, 30 and 60 DAS developed stem rot symptoms. Our findings suggest that plants are more susceptible to infection at early development stages (0-45 DAS). However, susceptibility to stem infection was reduced after 45 DAS of inoculation. Moreover, young stage of maturity was more susceptible to S. rolfsii.
Highlights
Groundnut (Arachis hypogea L.) is commonly called peanut, goober pea goober, pindad jack nut, manila nut, pygmy nut, pignut and monky nut [1]
Germinating stage of the seed causing pre-emergence rot and the susceptibility of groundnut plants against S. rolfsii was decreased with the increase in the age of groundnut plants
Our finding described the young stage of maturity was more susceptible against S. rolfsii, groundnut plants were infected by S. rolfsii at all growth stage of the plant including the germinating stage of the seed causing preemergence rot [7]
Summary
Groundnut (Arachis hypogea L.) is commonly called peanut, goober pea goober, pindad jack nut, manila nut, pygmy nut, pignut and monky nut [1]. It is known as ‘king of oil seeds [2]. Groundnut plants infected by S. rolfsii caused stem rot, root rot, sclerotial wilt, [5] and stem and pod rot [6]. Stem rot known as white mold or southern blight, is a devastating soil borne disease in the India. Groundnut plants were infected by S. rolfsii at all growth stage including the germinating stage of the seed causing pre-emergence rot and young plant shown stem rot. The younger plants were found more susceptible as the infection was more and rapid [7]
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