Effect of aflatoxin-B1 on rat cerebellar cortex

Abstract

Introduction Aflatoxin contamination of foods is a worldwide problem, especially in developing countries. The effects of aflatoxins on the cerebellum are not well studied. Aim of the study The aim of the present study was to evaluate the possible neurotoxic effects of aflatoxin B1 on the cerebellar cortex of adult male albino rats. Materials and methods A total of 30 adult female albino rats were used. They were divided into two groups. Group I (10 animals) was allowed water ad libitum and fed a standard diet (negative control). Group II (20 animals) was administered 5 ml aflatoxin B1 orally by a gastric tube every week for 8 consecutive weeks. Samples from the cerebella were taken and processed for light and electron microscopic investigation. Results Light microscopic examination of the cerebellar cortex of aflatoxin-treated animals showed its prominent neurotoxic effect on the Purkinje cell layer, with less effect on the granular and molecular layers. Glial fibrillary acidic protein-positive cells were more abundant in the three cortical layers of treated animals compared with the control animals. Ultrastructural study of the cerebellum of the aflatoxin-treated group showed dilated Golgi complex and accumulation of secondary lysosomes in association with nuclear shrinkage and irregularity within Purkinje cells. Many myelinated nerve fibers and nerve cell processes in the molecular and granular layer belonging to the affected nerve cells showed degenerative changes. Conclusion It could be concluded according to this study that aflatoxin B1 has a neurotoxic effect on the cerebellar cortex of adult female albino rats.